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Difference between revisions of "Agitated Dryers"
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==Working Principle== | |||
The drying in a agitated thin film dryer is a continuous operation under vacuum. Operating pressures can be as low as 1 mbar and operating temperatures can be as high as 350oC. Drying time depends on material being dried, amount of solvent to be removed, desired final moisture content, permissible jacket temperature etc.The vertical Agitated Thin Film Dryer has a jacketed cylinder with a closely fitting rotor at the centre. During operation the rotor revolves at high speed. The feed distributor spreads the incoming feed uniformly over the cylinder top periphery. The rotor blades pick up the material, spread it over heated surface in a thin film and agitate the film intensely, as it rapidly travels down. The material transforms from solution to slurry, wet cake, wet powder and finally dry powder as it travels from top to bottom. The vapour generated rises counter-currently to the inbuilt entrainment separator. Here the entrained droplets are separated from the vapour stream. The clean vapour leaves the dryer through the vapour nozzle at top.The horizontal version of the dryer is used for drying of wet cake, pastes, wet powders. The wet feed enters at one end and dry powder leaves from the opposite end. The vapours move counter currently to the powder flow and leave through vapour nozzle. | The drying in a agitated thin film dryer is a continuous operation under vacuum. Operating pressures can be as low as 1 mbar and operating temperatures can be as high as 350oC. Drying time depends on material being dried, amount of solvent to be removed, desired final moisture content, permissible jacket temperature etc.The vertical Agitated Thin Film Dryer has a jacketed cylinder with a closely fitting rotor at the centre. During operation the rotor revolves at high speed. The feed distributor spreads the incoming feed uniformly over the cylinder top periphery. The rotor blades pick up the material, spread it over heated surface in a thin film and agitate the film intensely, as it rapidly travels down. The material transforms from solution to slurry, wet cake, wet powder and finally dry powder as it travels from top to bottom. The vapour generated rises counter-currently to the inbuilt entrainment separator. Here the entrained droplets are separated from the vapour stream. The clean vapour leaves the dryer through the vapour nozzle at top.The horizontal version of the dryer is used for drying of wet cake, pastes, wet powders. The wet feed enters at one end and dry powder leaves from the opposite end. The vapours move counter currently to the powder flow and leave through vapour nozzle. | ||
==Features== | |||
* Once step drying eliminates number of steps like pre- concentration, filtration or centrifugation | * Once step drying eliminates number of steps like pre- concentration, filtration or centrifugation | ||
* Feeds can be processed without pre-concentration or dilution | * Feeds can be processed without pre-concentration or dilution | ||
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==Applications== | |||
===Drying=== | |||
* APIs, bulk drugs and intermediates | * APIs, bulk drugs and intermediates | ||
* Dyes, pigments and intermediates | * Dyes, pigments and intermediates | ||
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===Recoveries=== | |||
* Solvent and products from thick dry residues | * Solvent and products from thick dry residues | ||
* DMSO from salt bearing organic residues | * DMSO from salt bearing organic residues | ||
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==Feature== | |||
* Batch Sizes from 30 to 5,000 liters. | * Batch Sizes from 30 to 5,000 liters. | ||
* Automation for preset speed control of the main agitator | * Automation for preset speed control of the main agitator | ||
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==Set-up== | |||
* Variable speed impeller | * Variable speed impeller | ||
* Breaker | * Breaker | ||
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==Options== | |||
* Chopper for de-lumping | * Chopper for de-lumping | ||
* 21CFRPart11 compliant software | * 21CFRPart11 compliant software | ||