Difference between revisions of "Centrifugal Pumps"

[[Category:Pumps]]{{Knoppen}}

[[File:Centrifugal pump.jpg|thumb|right|Centrifugal Pumps]]

[[File:Centrifugal pump1.JPG|thumb|right|Centrifugal Pumps]]

'''Centrifugal Pumps''', are a sub-class of dynamic axisymmetric work-absorbing turbomachinery. Centrifugal pumps are used to transport liquids or fluids by the conversion of the rotational kinetic energy to the hydro dynamics energy of the liquid flow. The rotational energy typically comes from an engine or electric motor or turbine. In the typical simple case, the fluid enters the pump impeller along or near to the rotating axis and is accelerated by the impeller, flowing radially outward into a diffuser or volute chamber , from where it exits.

Common uses include water, sewage, petroleum and petrochemical pumping. The reverse function of the centrifugal pump is a water turbine converting potential energy of water pressure into mechanical rotational energy.

==How it works==

Like most [[Pumps]], a centrifugal pump converts mechanical energy from a motor to energy of a moving fluid. A portion of the energy goes into kinetic energy of the fluid motion, and some into potential energy, represented by fluid pressure or by lifting the fluid, against gravity, to a higher altitude.

==Vertical centrifugal pumps==

Vertical centrifugal pumps are also referred to as cantilever pumps. They utilize a unique shaft and bearing support configuration that allows the volute to hang in the sump while the bearings are outside of the sump. This style of pump uses no stuffing box to seal the shaft but instead utilizes a throttle bushing. A common application for this style of pump is in a parts washer.

==Froth pumps==

In the mineral processing industry, or in the extraction of oilsand, froth is generated to separate the rich minerals or bitumen from the sand and clays. Froth contains air that tends to block conventional pumps and cause loss of prime. Over history, industry has developed different ways to deal with this problem. One approach consists of using [[Vertical Pumps]] with a tank. Another approach is to build special pumps with an impeller capable of breaking the air bubbles. In the pulp and paper industry holes are drilled in the impeller. Air escapes to the back of the impeller and a special expeller discharges the air back to the suction tank. The impeller may also feature special small vanes between the primary vanes called split vanes or secondary vanes. Some pumps may feature a large eye, an inducer or recirculation of pressurized froth from the pump discharge back to the suction to break the bubbles.

==Multistage centrifugal pumps==

A centrifugal pump containing two or more impellers is called a multistage centrifugal pump. The impellers may be mounted on the same shaft or on different shafts.

For higher flow output impellers can be connected in parallel.

All energy transferred to the fluid are derived from the mechanical energy driving the impeller.

==Sources==

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrifugal_pump Wikipedia Centrifugal Pump]