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[[File:fire alarm system_1.jpg|thumb|200px|right|fire alarm system]] | |||
[[File:fire alarm system_2.jpg|thumb|200px|right|fire alarm system diagrams]] | |||
An automatic '''fire alarm system''' is designed to detect the unwanted presence of fire by monitoring environmental changes associated with combustion. In general, a fire alarm system is classified as either automatically actuated, manually actuated, or both. Automatic fire alarm systems are intended to notify the building occupants to evacuate in the event of a fire or other emergency, report the event to an off-premises location in order to summon emergency services, and to prepare the structure and associated systems to control the spread of fire and smoke. | |||
==Fundamental configuration== | |||
===Fire alarm control panel=== | |||
This component, the hub of the system, monitors inputs and system integrity, controls outputs and relays information. | |||
===Primary Power supply=== | |||
Commonly the non-switched 120 or 240 Volt Alternating Current source supplied from a commercial power utility. In non-residential applications, a branch circuit is dedicated to the fire alarm system and its constituents. "Dedicated branch circuits" should not be confused with "Individual branch circuits" which supply energy to a single appliance. | |||
===Secondary (backup) Power supplies=== | |||
This component, commonly consisting of sealed lead-acid storage batteries or other emergency sources including generators, is used to supply energy in the event of a primary power failure. | |||
===Initiating Devices=== | |||
This component acts as an input to the fire alarm control unit and are either manually or automatically actuated. Examples would be devices like pull stations or smoke detectors. | |||
==Fire Detection System Components== | |||
This policy shall cover all components of fire detection systems including, but not limited to: | |||
*Fire alarm panel; | |||
*Fire alarm annunciator panel; | |||
*Detection devices, such as heat and smoke detectors; and | |||
*Manual pull stations. | |||