Liposome Extruders - Revision history

Admin at 11:54, 7 July 2022

2022-07-07T11:54:20Z

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	=Common Types of Liposome Extruders=		=Common Types of Liposome Extruders=
	~~[[File:Hand_Driven_Liposome_Extruders.png\|thumb\|250px\|right\|Hand Driven Liposome Extruders]]~~
	Liposome extruders can be classified into three categories: hand driven liposome extruders, jacketed liposome extruders, and online liposome extruders. Each category is based on its different power sources.		Liposome extruders can be classified into three categories: hand driven liposome extruders, jacketed liposome extruders, and online liposome extruders. Each category is based on its different power sources.

	==Hand Driven Liposome Extruders==		==Hand Driven Liposome Extruders==
			[[File:Hand_Driven_Liposome_Extruders.png\|thumb\|250px\|right\|Hand Driven Liposome Extruders]]
	The hand driven liposome extruders are capable of processing the sample volume from 0.25mL to 2.5mL, which is suitable for mini sample volume applications during the experimental phase. It is operated by simply pushing the plunger manually.		The hand driven liposome extruders are capable of processing the sample volume from 0.25mL to 2.5mL, which is suitable for mini sample volume applications during the experimental phase. It is operated by simply pushing the plunger manually.

Admin at 11:52, 7 July 2022

2022-07-07T11:52:51Z

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	The sample can be high pressure homogenized first, and extruded through a 100nm or 80nm polycarbonate membrane after homogenization.		The sample can be high pressure homogenized first, and extruded through a 100nm or 80nm polycarbonate membrane after homogenization.


	=Videos=		=Videos=
	<youtube>~~DG-KCCc8bC8~~</youtube>		<youtube>VoxAsfb34IQ</youtube>
	<youtube>~~7ceRNlsDo3c~~</youtube>		<youtube>xxoGovXZdVA</youtube>
	~~<youtube>jdi8z-PWIGc</youtube>~~
	~~<youtube>L75LnkRXNLw</youtube>~~


	=References=		=References=
	<references />		<references />

Admin at 11:50, 7 July 2022

2022-07-07T11:50:24Z

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	The multiple liposome extruders system is able to process the volume from 1L to 200L. It features both the temperature and pressure sensors in the product line, and a control panel to control the production for liposomes.		The multiple liposome extruders system is able to process the volume from 1L to 200L. It features both the temperature and pressure sensors in the product line, and a control panel to control the production for liposomes.


			=Track-Etched Polycarbonate Extrusion Membranes=
			[[File:Microscopic_Representation_for_Track-Etched_Polycarbonate_Membranes.png\|thumb\|250px\|right\|Microscopic Representation for Track-Etched Polycarbonate Membranes]]
			The operations of liposome extruders have high requirements for the extrusion membranes. The nucleus track-etched polycarbonate membranes should have uniform distributions of filter pores. In an ideal membrane, all nano pores should be of the same size. Furthermore, the extrusion membrane with vertical pore distribution is more conducive to the preparation of liposome extrusion.

			In general, selecting right size of the polycarbonate membranes will ensure successful extrusion. It is strongly recommended to know the initial particle size of the processing sample before the extrusion. Another factor to consider for selecting the membrane is the desired particle size for your end product.

			For example, if the initial particle size of the sample is 1μm, and the target is to achieve the particle size below 100 nm, here are several options available:

			==Extrusion Multiple Times via the Target Pore Size Membranes==
			For example, the user can extrude the sample through a 100 nm polycarbonate membrane using a liposome extruder several times.

			But the problems that may arise are:
			* The difficulties in extrusion process;
			* The large vesicles may block the surface of the polycarbonate membrane, and request a replacement of a new membrane, etc.

			==Extrusion via the Different Pore Size Membranes==
			This procedure is to use different pore size membranes to extrude step by step. For example, the sample is extruded through a 400nm polycarbonate membrane first, and observe the extrusion process. If it is hard to extrude the sample through the 400nm membranes, then replace a new membrane with a larger pore size, such as 800nm for extrusion 3~5 times. It can be optimized during the process. After the first-round extrusion, select a smaller pore size polycarbonate membrane, such as 100 nm or 80 nm to extrude again. 200 nm polycarbonate membranes can be used as a transition if the extrusion is difficult to go through the 100nm membranes.

			==High Pressure Homogenization-Extrusion Method==
			[[File:High_Pressure_Homogenizer_combines_with_online_liposome_extruder.png\|thumb\|250px\|right\|High Pressure Homogenizer combines with online liposome extruder]]

			The sample can be high pressure homogenized first, and extruded through a 100nm or 80nm polycarbonate membrane after homogenization.

	=Videos=		=Videos=

Admin at 11:44, 7 July 2022

2022-07-07T11:44:17Z

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 [[File:Jacketed_Liposome_Extruders.png|thumb|250px|right|Jacketed Liposome Extruders]]
 The jacketed liposome extruders have a wide range of processing capacities, from sample volume 2mL to 3L depending on the models. It is suitable for lab scale and pilot scale applications. It is driven by compressed nitrogen cylinder. Most of the jacketed liposome extruders are designed with jacketed barrel to achieve the temperature control of the sample.
 =Videos=

Admin at 11:40, 7 July 2022

2022-07-07T11:40:22Z

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	=Common Types of Liposome Extruders=		=Common Types of Liposome Extruders=
			[[File:Hand_Driven_Liposome_Extruders.png\|thumb\|250px\|right\|Hand Driven Liposome Extruders]]
	Liposome extruders can be classified into three categories: hand driven liposome extruders, jacketed liposome extruders, and online liposome extruders. Each category is based on its different power sources.		Liposome extruders can be classified into three categories: hand driven liposome extruders, jacketed liposome extruders, and online liposome extruders. Each category is based on its different power sources.

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	The hand driven Nano Pore liposome extruders with cooling jacket are designed for those extrusion conditions to control the sample temperature.		The hand driven Nano Pore liposome extruders with cooling jacket are designed for those extrusion conditions to control the sample temperature.
	~~[[File:Hand_Driven_Liposome_Extruders.png\|thumb\|250px\|right\|Hand Driven Liposome Extruders]]~~

	==Jacketed Liposome Extruders==		==Jacketed Liposome Extruders==
			[[File:Jacketed_Liposome_Extruders.png\|thumb\|250px\|right\|Jacketed Liposome Extruders]]
			The jacketed liposome extruders have a wide range of processing capacities, from sample volume 2mL to 3L depending on the models. It is suitable for lab scale and pilot scale applications. It is driven by compressed nitrogen cylinder. Most of the jacketed liposome extruders are designed with jacketed barrel to achieve the temperature control of the sample.

	=Videos=		=Videos=

Admin at 11:38, 7 July 2022

2022-07-07T11:38:11Z

Show changes

Admin at 11:36, 7 July 2022

2022-07-07T11:36:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:36, 7 July 2022
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	=~~Key Principles~~=		=Common Types of Liposome Extruders=
	~~The key component of a high pressure homogenizer includes a homogenization unit such as diamond interaction chamber~~, and ~~a high pressure pump unit~~. ~~There~~ is a specially designed fixed geometry inside the diamond interaction chamber. Strokes of the piston in the high pressure pump unit drive the samples through the interaction chamber at supersonic speed. In the chamber, materials are subjected to mechanical forces such as high shearing, high-frequency oscillation, cavitation and convective impact, and corresponding thermal effects simultaneously.		Liposome extruders can be classified into three categories: hand driven liposome extruders, jacketed liposome extruders, and online liposome extruders. Each category is based on its different power sources.

	~~These mechanical and physiochemical effects can induce change in~~ the ~~physical~~, ~~chemical, and particle structure~~ of the ~~materials~~. ~~This results in uniform and smaller nanoparticle size, achieving a homogenization effect~~.		==Hand Driven Liposome Extruders==
			The hand driven liposome extruders are capable of processing the sample volume from 0.25mL to 2.5mL, which is suitable for mini sample volume applications during the experimental phase. It is operated by simply pushing the plunger manually.

			There are two types of hand driven extruders:
			* extruders under ambient temperature
			* extruders with jacketed option

			The hand driven Nano Pore liposome extruders with cooling jacket are designed for those extrusion conditions to control the sample temperature.
			[[File:Hand_Driven_Liposome_Extruders.png\|thumb\|250px\|right\|Hand Driven Liposome Extruders]]

	The interaction chamber is the core of the high pressure homogenizer, and its unique geometric internal structure is the main factor determining the effectiveness of the homogenization process. The intensifier pump exerts the required pressure for materials to pass through the interaction chamber at high speed. The pressure’s strength and stability are important to ensure the production of high-quality nanomaterials.

	=Applications=		=Applications=

Admin at 11:32, 7 July 2022

2022-07-07T11:32:08Z

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	<br>		<br>
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	[[File:Gene_delivery_liposome_with_phospholipid_bilayers.png\|thumb\|250px\|right\|Gene delivery liposome with phospholipid bilayers]]		[[File:Gene_delivery_liposome_with_phospholipid_bilayers.png\|thumb\|250px\|right\|Gene delivery liposome with phospholipid bilayers]]
	'''Liposome extruders''' are mainly used for the liposome formulation and achieving uniform size distributions. It is an ideal instrument to generate nanoscale liposome formulations, and to prepare exosomes and artificial cell membranes. By utilizing the tracked-etched filter membranes, the liposome extruders are capable of capturing large particles, precipitation and achieving sterile filtration.		'''Liposome extruders''' are mainly used for the liposome formulation and achieving uniform size distributions. It is an ideal instrument to generate nanoscale liposome formulations, and to prepare exosomes and artificial cell membranes. By utilizing the tracked-etched filter membranes, the liposome extruders are capable of capturing large particles, precipitation and achieving sterile filtration.
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	A liposome is a spherical-shaped vesicle composed of phospholipid bilayers. Phospholipid bilayers are critical components of cell membranes, with hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties. In an aqueous solution, the hydrophobic ends tend to bind to each other, and spontaneously form small spherical liposomes. The liposome extruder is designed for the preparation of liposomes. It is easy to use, and has high precision particle size control ability with narrow distributions and satisfactory repeatability. So far it has been widely used in the preparations of complex injectable products, such as paclitaxel liposomes, adriamycin liposomes, amphotericin B liposomes, doxorubicin liposomes, cytarabine liposomes, and irinotecan liposomes.		A liposome is a spherical-shaped vesicle composed of phospholipid bilayers. Phospholipid bilayers are critical components of cell membranes, with hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties. In an aqueous solution, the hydrophobic ends tend to bind to each other, and spontaneously form small spherical liposomes. The liposome extruder is designed for the preparation of liposomes. It is easy to use, and has high precision particle size control ability with narrow distributions and satisfactory repeatability. So far it has been widely used in the preparations of complex injectable products, such as paclitaxel liposomes, adriamycin liposomes, amphotericin B liposomes, doxorubicin liposomes, cytarabine liposomes, and irinotecan liposomes.

	~~=Introduction=~~		[[File:Schematic_diagram_depicting_the_liposome_extrusion.png\|thumb\|250px\|right\|Schematic diagram depicting the liposome extrusion]]
	[[File:~~High Pressure Homogenizers_Interaction chambers_2~~.~~jpg~~\|thumb\|250px\|right\|~~Interaction chambers in homogenization unit~~]]
	~~High pressure homogenizers are used in~~ the ~~biological, pharmaceutical, food, chemical,~~ and ~~many other industries~~. ~~Their products and purposes include cell disruption~~, ~~food homogenization, fine chemicals, preparation~~ of liposomes, ~~fat emulsions~~, ~~nanosuspensions~~, ~~microemulsions~~, ~~lipid microspheres~~, ~~vaccines~~, ~~emulsions~~, ~~dairy products~~, ~~infusion solutions~~, ~~dyes~~, ~~graphene~~, ~~carbon nanotubes, conductive coatings, nano-oxide dispersion~~, and ~~more~~. ~~The global market~~ for ~~high pressure homogenizers~~ is ~~growing annually~~, and ~~this is especially true in~~ the ~~nanotechnology market. To prepare pharmaceutical nanoemulsions~~, ~~high pressure homogenizers such as~~ the ~~nanogenizer~~ are ~~essential: Their pressure is always above 20,000 psi~~, and ~~they feature high-quality diamond interaction chambers to achieve a uniform, pharmaceutical-grade nanoparticle size distribution~~.		Liposome extrusion technology is employing the structural and performance characteristics of liposomal phospholipid bilayers. When the operational temperature is slightly above the phase transition temperature of phospholipids, the large vesicles of liposomes will pass through polycarbonate membranes with specific pore sizes by a certain external extrusion force. The large particle size liposome or multiple compartments liposomes are rapidly repolymerized into smaller-size liposomes after being ruptured by the shear of membrane pores. Since the pore size of polycarbonate membrane is fixed (e.g., 50nm, 100nm, 200nm, 400nm, 1um, etc.), and the polycarbonate extrusion membrane features vertical and uniform nano pore distributions on the membrane surface, when the large vesicles pass through the membrane with a specific nano pore size several times, the sample is extruded to the uniform size decided by the pore.



			=Application=
			Research and Development for the liposomal drug delivery system, vaccine, gene delivery, and cosmetics. Liposome extruders are mainly used for the liposome formulation and achieving uniform size distributions. It is an ideal instrument to generate nanoscale liposome formulations, and to prepare exosomes and artificial cell membranes. By utilizing the tracked-etched filter membranes, the liposome extruders are capable of capturing large particles, precipitation and achieving sterile filtration.



	=Key Principles=		=Key Principles=

Admin at 11:27, 7 July 2022

2022-07-07T11:27:55Z

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	[[Category:Particle Formation]]{{Knoppen}}		[[Category:Particle Formation]]{{Knoppen}}
	[[File:Genizer_logo.png\|right\|200px\|link=https://www.genizer.com/c/liposome-extruder_0365\|Genizer LLC]]		[[File:Genizer_logo.png\|right\|200px\|link=https://www.genizer.com/c/liposome-extruder_0365\|Genizer LLC]]
			<br>
			<br>
			<br>

	[[File:Gene_delivery_liposome_with_phospholipid_bilayers.png\|thumb\|250px\|right\|Gene delivery liposome with phospholipid bilayers]]		[[File:Gene_delivery_liposome_with_phospholipid_bilayers.png\|thumb\|250px\|right\|Gene delivery liposome with phospholipid bilayers]]



	'''Liposome extruders''' are mainly used for the liposome formulation and achieving uniform size distributions. It is an ideal instrument to generate nanoscale liposome formulations, and to prepare exosomes and artificial cell membranes. By utilizing the tracked-etched filter membranes, the liposome extruders are capable of capturing large particles, precipitation and achieving sterile filtration.		'''Liposome extruders''' are mainly used for the liposome formulation and achieving uniform size distributions. It is an ideal instrument to generate nanoscale liposome formulations, and to prepare exosomes and artificial cell membranes. By utilizing the tracked-etched filter membranes, the liposome extruders are capable of capturing large particles, precipitation and achieving sterile filtration.

Admin at 11:26, 7 July 2022

2022-07-07T11:26:33Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:26, 7 July 2022
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	'''Liposome extruders''' are mainly used for the liposome formulation and achieving uniform size distributions. It is an ideal instrument to generate nanoscale liposome formulations, and to prepare exosomes and artificial cell membranes. By utilizing the tracked-etched filter membranes, the liposome extruders are capable of capturing large particles, precipitation and achieving sterile filtration.		'''Liposome extruders''' are mainly used for the liposome formulation and achieving uniform size distributions. It is an ideal instrument to generate nanoscale liposome formulations, and to prepare exosomes and artificial cell membranes. By utilizing the tracked-etched filter membranes, the liposome extruders are capable of capturing large particles, precipitation and achieving sterile filtration.

			A liposome is a spherical-shaped vesicle composed of phospholipid bilayers. Phospholipid bilayers are critical components of cell membranes, with hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties. In an aqueous solution, the hydrophobic ends tend to bind to each other, and spontaneously form small spherical liposomes. The liposome extruder is designed for the preparation of liposomes. It is easy to use, and has high precision particle size control ability with narrow distributions and satisfactory repeatability. So far it has been widely used in the preparations of complex injectable products, such as paclitaxel liposomes, adriamycin liposomes, amphotericin B liposomes, doxorubicin liposomes, cytarabine liposomes, and irinotecan liposomes.

	=Introduction=		=Introduction=